Definitions P - R

Panels:See "Cladding"
Panel Notch: A notch or block out formed along the outside edge of the floor slab to provide support for the wall panels and serve as a closure along their bottom edge.
Pan Panel: A standing seam panel which has vertical sides and has no space between the panels at the side laps.
Parapet: That portion of the vertical wall of a building which extends above the roof line.
Parts and Portions: See "Components and Cladding"
Peak: The uppermost point of a gable.
Peak Sign: A sign attached to the peak of the building at the endwall showing the building manufacturer.
Pendant Operated Crane: Crane operated from a pendant control unit suspended from the crane.
Personnel Doors: A door used by personnel for access to and exit from a building.
Pick Point: The belted part of panel bundles where the bundle is to be lifted.
Piece Mark: A number given to each separate part of the building for erection identification. Also called mark number and part number.
Pier: A concrete structure designed to transfer vertical load from the base of a column to the footing.
Pig Spout: A sheet metal section designed to direct the flow of water out through the face of the gutter rather than through a downspout.
Pilaster: A reinforced or enlarged portion of a masonry wall to provide support for roof loads or lateral loads on the wall.
Pinned Base: A column base that is designed to resist horizontal and vertical movement, but not rotation.
Pin Connection: A connection designed to transfer axial and shear forces between connecting members, but not moments.
Pitch: The peak height of a gabled building divided by its overall span.
Plastic Design: a design concept based on multiplying the actual loads by a suitable load factor, using the yield stress as the maximum stress in any member, and taking into consideration moment redistribution.
Plastic Panels: See "Translucent Light Panels"
Ponding: 1) The gathering of water at low or irregular areas on a roof.
2) Progressive accumulation of water from deflection due to rain loads.
Portal Frame: A rigid frame so designed that it offers rigidity and stability in its plane. It is generally used to resist longitudinal loads where other bracing methods are not permitted.
Post and Beam: A structural system consisting of a series of rafter beams supported by columns. Often used as the end frame of a building.
Post tensioning: A method of pre stressing reinforced concrete in which tendons are tensioned after the concrete has reached a specific strength.
Power Actuated Fastener: A device for fastening items by the utilization of a patented device, which uses an explosive charge or compressed air to embed the pin in concrete or steel.
Pre tensioning: A method of pre stressing reinforced concrete in which tendons are tensioned after the concrete has reached a specific strength.
Pre-Painted Coil: Coil of metal, which has received a paint coating.
Press Brake: A machine used in cold-forming metal sheets or strips into desired sections.
Pre stressed Concrete: Concrete in which internal stresses of such magnitude and distribution are introduced that the tensile stresses resulting from the service loads are counteracted to a desire degree; in reinforced concrete the pre stress is commonly introduced by tensioning the tendons.
Primary Framing: See "Main Frame"
Prismatic Beam: A beam with a uniform cross section.
Public Assembly: A building or space where 300 or more persons may congregate in one area.
Purlin: a horizontal structural member which supports roof covering and carries loads to the primary framing members.
Purlin Extension: The projection of the roof beyond the plane of the endwall.
Rafter: The main beam supporting the roof system.
Rail (Crane): See "Crane Rail"
Rails (Door): the horizontal stiffening members of framed and paneled doors.
Rake: The intersection of the plane of the roof and the plane of the endwall.
Rake Angle: Angle fastened to purlins at rake for attachment of endwall panels.
Rake Trim: A flashing designed to close the opening between the roof and endwall panels.
Rated Capacity (Crane): The maximum load (usually in tons) which a crane is designed to support safely.
Reaction: The resisting forces at the column bases holding the structure in equilibrium under a given loading condition.
Reinforcing Steel: The steel placed in concrete as required to carry the tension, compression and shear stresses.
Remote-Operated Crane: A crane controlled by an operator not in a pulpit or in the cab attached to the crane, by any method other than pendant or rope control.
Retrofit: The placing of new metal roof or wall system over deteriorated roofs or walls.
Rib: the longitudinal raised profile of a panel that provides much of the panels bending strength.
Ribbed Panel: A panel which has ribs with sloping sides and forms a trapezoidal shaped void at the side lap.
Ridge: The horizontal line formed by opposing sloping sides of a roof running parallel with the building length.
Ridge Cap: A transition of the roofing materials along the ridge of a roof; sometimes called ridge roll or ridge flashing.
Rigid Connection: See "Moment Connection"
Rigid Frame: A structural frame consisting of members joined together with moment connections so as to render the frame stable with respect to the design loads, without the need for bracing in its plane.
Rolling Doors: doors that are supported at the bottom on wheels which run on a track.
Roll-Up doors: A door that opens by traveling vertically.
Roof Covering: The exposed exterior roof surface consisting of metal panels.
Roof Live Load: Loads that are produced (1) during maintenance by workers, equipment, and materials, and (2) during the life of a structure by movable objects and do not include wind, snow, seismic or dead loads.
Roof Overhang: A roof extension beyond the endwall or sidewall of a building.
Roof Slope: The tangent of the angle that a roof surface makes with horizontal, usually expresses in units of vertical rise to 12 units of horizontal run.
Roof Snow Load: that load induced by the weight of snow on the roof of structure.
Runway Beam: See "Crane Runway Beam"
Runway Bracket: A bracket attached to the column of a building frame, which supports the runway beam for top-running cranes.
Runway Conductors: The main conductors mounted on or parallel to the runway, which supplies electric current to the crane.